The 10 Cat Breeds Most Prone to Health Problems (and How to Protect Them)

Introduction

Cats are graceful, mysterious, and endlessly lovable — but certain cat breeds carry genetic risks that owners should be aware of. From respiratory issues in flat-faced Persians to kidney disease in Abyssinians, understanding your cat’s vulnerabilities is key to keeping your cat healthy.

Here are the top 10 cat breeds most prone to health problems and tips from the veterinary professionals at Tri-County Animal Hospital on how to care for them.

1. Persian

Health Risks: Breathing problems, eye infections, kidney disease (PKD).
Why: Their flat faces and long fur make them prone to airway and tear-duct issues. Regular grooming and screening for PKD are essential.

2. Siamese

Health Risks: Respiratory issues, dental disease, heart defects, certain cancers.
Why: Siamese cats are vocal and social but genetically prone to upper respiratory infections and GI issues.

3. Maine Coon

Health Risks: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), hip dysplasia.
Why: This gentle giant can suffer from hereditary heart disease. Annual cardiac ultrasounds are recommended.

4. Scottish Fold

Health Risks: Osteochondrodysplasia (joint deformities), arthritis.
Why: The genetic mutation that causes folded ears also affects cartilage throughout the body. Avoid breeding two Folds together.

5. Sphynx

Health Risks: Skin infections, heart disease, dental issues.
Why: Their lack of fur requires frequent bathing and careful temperature regulation.  Sweaters are recommended, especially in winter months.

6. Bengal

Health Risks: Heart disease, patellar luxation, digestive sensitivity.
Why: Bengals’ athletic build puts strain on joints. A high-protein, grain-free diet can help.

7. Ragdoll

Health Risks: HCM, urinary tract infections, obesity.
Why: Their docile nature can lead to inactivity — encourage daily play to maintain heart health.

8. Abyssinian

Health Risks: Renal amyloidosis (kidney disease), hyperthyroidism.
Why: Genetic predisposition makes regular bloodwork crucial for early detection.

9. Burmese

Health Risks: Diabetes, hypokalemia (low potassium), craniofacial deformities.
Why: Responsible breeding can minimize these risks — especially for diabetes-prone lines.

10. Oriental Shorthair

Health Risks: Respiratory issues, liver disease, dental problems.
Why: Related to Siamese cats, they share similar respiratory vulnerabilities.

Keeping All Breeds of Cats Healthy

Even if your cat’s breed is not on this list,  good care for all cat breeds makes all the difference in your cat’s healthy, happy lifestyle:

• Schedule regular (at least annually) veterinary exams for early disease detection.
  • Getting (and keeping) your cat acclimated to a cat carrier will make the vet visit easier
  • Consider using a cat friendly veterinarian like Tri-County Animal Hospital.
    • We have advanced education and expertise for diagnosing, treating, and managing cat health care.
    • Look for a veterinarian that has a separate exam room for cats, and utilize cat-friendly handling techniques like Tri-County Animal Hospital in Wayne, NJ.
    • Use of cat anti-anxiety pheromones, pre-exam calming medications and low-stress handling.
• Feed a balanced, breed-appropriate diet.
• Keep up with dental care and weight management.

A well-informed owner is a cat’s best ally for a long, healthy, and purr-filled life.